Ayurvedic Name: Bandhayatwa
Description:
Bandhayatwa is a condition similar to female infertility, where a woman is unable to conceive due to imbalances in Vata, Pitta, or Kapha affecting the reproductive system. It can result from hormonal imbalances, uterine disorders, poor ovarian function, or weak Agni (digestive fire) which leads to improper nourishment of reproductive tissues. Ayurvedic treatment includes Panchakarma, Rasayana therapy, uterine tonics like Shatavari and Ashoka, and lifestyle modifications focusing on balanced nutrition and stress management.
Signs & Symptoms:
- Stri Vandhyatva (Female Infertility): Difficulty in conceiving, often associated with irregular menstrual cycles.
- Agnimandya (Poor Digestion): Digestive issues related to hormonal imbalances or stress.
- Kshrama (Fatigue): Tiredness and stress due to fertility challenges or treatment cycles.
- Trishna (Excessive Thirst): Increased thirst due to hormonal fluctuations.
- Vishama Agni (Irregular Digestion): Indigestion and bloating related to hormonal changes.
- Aruchi (Loss of Appetite): Decreased appetite due to stress and emotional strain.
Diagnosis:
Hormonal Profile (FSH, LH, AMH) and Ultrasound
Risk Factors:
- Dietary Factors
Nutrient Deficiency: Lack of essential nutrients like folic acid, iron, and vitamins (B12, D) can interfere with reproductive health and fertility.
Excessive Processed Foods: Diets high in sugar, fat, and low in fiber can disrupt hormonal balance and reduce fertility. - Lifestyle Factors
Stress and Emotional Factors: Chronic stress, anxiety, or emotional trauma can negatively affect hormone production, leading to infertility.
Obesity or Underweight: Extreme body weight issues can disrupt hormonal balance and lead to irregular menstrual cycles or ovulation issues. - Medical Conditions
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A common cause of infertility in women, where hormonal imbalances affect ovulation.
Endometriosis: A condition where the tissue that normally lines the uterus grows outside of it, causing infertility.
Complications:
- Emotional Stress (Manasik Dourbalya): The psychological strain of infertility may lead to anxiety, depression, and emotional distress.
- Hormonal Imbalance (Vishama Dosha): Infertility can result from disrupted hormonal functions, which may lead to irregular periods and ovulation.
- Increased Risk of Ectopic Pregnancy (Garbhapraapti Vikruti): Women with fertility issues may be at an increased risk of ectopic pregnancies, which can be life-threatening.
- Uterine or Tubal Damage (Yoni Vikruti): Underlying conditions like endometriosis or blocked fallopian tubes can cause permanent damage to reproductive organs.
- Chronic Pain (Dukha): Painful menstrual cycles or pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) can occur alongside infertility, affecting quality of life.
Epidemeology:
Affects approximately 10-15% of women globally, with rates varying based on age, region, and lifestyle factors.
Peak incidence in women aged 30-40, with fertility gradually decreasing after age 35.
Women with underlying health conditions, such as PCOS, endometriosis, or tubal blockages, are more likely to experience infertility.
Global incidence is rising, particularly in developed countries due to factors like delayed childbearing, lifestyle choices, and obesity.