Description:
Sthaulya, or obesity, is resulting from Kapha Dosha imbalance which leads to excess accumulation of Medo Dhatu (fat tissue). It results from poor metabolism, sedentary habits, and overeating, causing sluggish digestion, lethargy, breathlessness, and metabolic disorders like diabetes. Ayurvedic treatment includes Udwartana (herbal massages), Langhana (fasting), and Kapha-balancing herbs.
Signs & Symptoms:
- Medoroga (Obesity) Excessive accumulation of body fat, often concentrated around the abdomen and thighs.
- Agnimandya (Digestive Impairment): Slow digestion, with feelings of bloating, indigestion, and reduced appetite.
- Gaurava (Heaviness in the Body): A sensation of heaviness and fatigue, particularly after eating.
- Dourbalya (Weakness): General weakness and reduced stamina during physical activity.
- Trishna (Excessive Thirst): Increased thirst, often due to the body’s struggle to balance metabolism.
- Shwasa (Breathlessness): Difficulty breathing, especially during physical exertion, due to increased weight.
Diagnosis:
Body Mass Index (BMI) calculation
Risk Factors:
- Dietary Factors
Excessive intake of high-calorie foods, sugary snacks, and processed foods that promote fat storage in the body.
Low intake of fiber-rich foods such as fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, which aid in digestion and prevent fat accumulation. - Lifestyle Factors
Lack of physical activity and sedentary lifestyle, which reduces calorie burn and promotes weight gain.
Emotional stress or comfort eating leading to overeating and unhealthy food choices. - Medical Conditions
Hormonal imbalances such as hypothyroidism or polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) that contribute to weight gain.
Genetic factors and family history of obesity that increase susceptibility.
Complications:
- Cardiovascular Diseases (Hridaya Roga) – Excess body fat increases the risk of heart disease, hypertension, and stroke.
- Type 2 Diabetes (Madhumeha) – Obesity is a significant risk factor for developing insulin resistance and diabetes.
- Joint Problems (Sandhi Vikruti) – Excess weight puts added stress on joints, leading to arthritis and joint degeneration.
- Sleep Apnoea (Shwasa Vikara) – Obesity can cause or worsen sleep apnea, leading to breathing problems during sleep.
- Liver Disease (Yakrit Vikruti) – Obesity increases the risk of fatty liver disease and cirrhosis due to fat accumulation in the liver.
Epidemeology:
More common in adults, particularly in individuals over 40.Affects both men and women, with women having a higher prevalence in certain regions, particularly due to pregnancy and hormonal fluctuations.
Global prevalence is rising, with approximately 13% of the adult population being classified as obese, especially in developed countries.Strong correlation with diet and lifestyle factors, such as high-fat diets, sedentary behavior, and socioeconomic status.
References:
- SSharma PV. Charaka Samhita Part 1. Chaukhambha Orientalia, Varanasi; 2004. 9th ed. Sutra Sthana 21/3:144.
- Sharma PV. Charaka Samhita Part 1. Chaukhambha Orientalia, Varanasi; 2004. 9th ed. Sutra Sthana 28/1:229.
- Sharma AK. Kaya Chikitsa, Part 3rd. Chaukhambha Orientalia, Delhi; 2011. P. 174-177, 180.9. Yogratnakar.
- Siddhinandan Mishra, Acharya. Siddhiprada Vyakhaya Yukta. Chaukhambha Orientalia. Chapter
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